Supplemental Readings



Development of Customary International Law by International Tribunals
  1. Christianson, Jus Cogens: Guarding Interests Fundamental to International Society 28 Va. J. Int'l L. 585-648 (1988).
  2. Colson, How Persistent Must the Persistent Objector Be?, 61 Wash. L. Rev. 957 (1986).
  3. D'Amato, The Concept of Custom in International Law 3-20 (1971).
  4. Jessup, Non-Universal International Law, 12 Colum. J. Transnat'l L. 415-29 (1973).
  5. Kunz, The Nature of Customary International Law, 47 Am. J. Int'l L. 662-69 (1953).
  6. Restatement (Third) of the Foreign Relations Law of the United States §102(2).
  7. Rozakis, The Concept of Jus Cogens in the Law of Treaties (1976).
  8. Stein, The Case of the Persistent Objector, 26 Harv. Int'l L. Rev. 457-82 (1985).
  9. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Arts. 34-38.
  10. Whiteman, Jus Cogens in International Law, With a Projected List 7 Ga. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 609-26 (1977).
  11. Asylum Case (Columbia v. Peru) 1950 I.C.J. 266, 272-79, 288-89, 335-39, 369-72 (regional norms).
  12. Fisheries Case (U.K. v. Nor.), 1951 I.C.J. 116, 124-25, 190-193 (Read, J., dissenting).
  13. Summary of the North Sea Continental Shelf Case from I.C.J. Yearbook.
  14. North Sea Continental Shelf Case (W. Ger. v. Den.), 1969 I.C.J. 3, 28-29, 41-46.
  15. Right of Passage Over Indian Territory Case (Port. v. Ind.) 1960 I.C.J. 6, 27-32, 36-46.
  16. Fisheries Case (U.K. v. Nor.), 1951 I.C.J. 116, 131-32
  17. Asylum Case (Colom. v. Peru), 1950 I.C.J. 266, 277-78
  18. Statement by the President of July 1982, 18 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 887 (July 12, 1982).
  19. Statement by the President of March 10, 1983 on United States Oceans Policy, reprinted in 22 Int'l Leg. Mat. 464-465 (1983)
  20. Proclamation 5030 of March 10, 1983 Concerning the Exclusive Economic Zone of the United States, reprinted in 22 Int'l Leg. Mat. 465 (1983).
  21. Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. U.S.), 1986 I.C.J. 14, 22, 100-101, 199-200
  22. Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities In and Against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. U.S.), 1984 I.C.J. 14, 614-616
  23. Legal Consequences for States of the Continued Presence of South Africa in Namibia (S.W. Africa) Not With-standing Security Council Resolution 276 (1970), 1971 I.C.J. 16, 73-75, 89-90
  24. South West Africa Cases (Ethiopia v. S. Africa; Liberia v. S. Africa), 1966 I.C.J. 6, 297-300
  25. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Arts. 53, 64, 71.